Alausa’s Pareto Principle and breaking admission bottlenecks

By Oluwafemi Popoola

At the centre of the reforms discussed by Alausa is a deliberate effort to expand access to higher education while preserving transparency, merit, and accountability. Nigeria’s tertiary admission system has operated like a crowded bus stop during fuel scarcity: millions waiting, only a few getting in. Every year, about 2.2 million candidates sit for UTME examinations, yet only around 770,000 secure admission. The remaining millions simply roll over into the next year, carrying frustration like extra luggage.
“At the Ministry of Education, we have had policy minimization. We came in with a clear set. There is something called the Pareto Rule. What is the Pareto Rule? Success is 80 percent implementation and 20 percent policy, and that is what we have adopted at the Ministry of Education.”
When the current minister of Education Dr, Maruf Tunji Alausa made the above statement during his May 12 appearance on Channel’s TV Politics Today hosted by Seun Okinbaloye, he effectively summarized the reform mindset driving the Ministry of Education. More than just a soundbite, the quote reflects an administration determined to prioritize execution over endless policymaking. Politics
The Pareto Principle mentioned by Alausa is also known as the 80/20 Rule. The concept traces its roots to Italian economist and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, whose observations in the late 19th century would later influence economics, business, governance, productivity studies, and even modern leadership philosophy.
Pareto first noticed an intriguing imbalance while studying wealth distribution in Italy. He discovered that nearly 80 percent of the nation’s land and wealth were controlled by about 20 percent of the population. What began as an economic observation soon revealed a deeper pattern that appeared repeatedly across human activity and institutions. Interestingly, Pareto also observed a similar trend in his garden, where a small percentage of pea pods produced the majority of healthy peas. That recurring imbalance fascinated scholars and later became one of the most influential theories in management and administration.
In governance, the lesson drawn from it is clear and unambiguous. Implementation matters more than endless policy formulation. Real change comes from execution. Policies may generate headlines, but implementation changes lives
In Nigeria, government officials sometimes manufacture policies the way Nigerians manufacture WhatsApp groups. So hearing a minister openly say that implementation matters more than endless policy announcements was both refreshing and striking. It was one of those moments that immediately tells you a public official is either bluffing with confidence or genuinely understands the assignment before him. After watching the full interview, I leaned strongly toward the latter.
That philosophy appears to define the current direction of Nigeria’s education sector under Alausa’s leadership. For decades, education reform in Nigeria has suffered from a familiar disease: policy abundance and implementation poverty. Every administration arrived with ambitious declarations, reform blueprints, technical committees, and strategic frameworks. Yet millions of children remained out of school, access to tertiary education remained painfully limited, examination malpractice persisted, and educational planning was weakened by fragmented data systems. The problem was never the absence of ideas. The problem was that too many policies died quietly inside government files.
This is why Dr. Alausa’s recent interview on Channels Television stood out. What struck me throughout his one-hour interview was not merely the volume of reforms he discussed, but the confidence, fluency, and precision with which he presented them. It is rare to watch a minister speak extensively on television without occasionally wandering into vague political talking points. But Alausa spoke with unusual clarity. Statistics was rolled out effortlessly. Figures were connected to policy outcomes. Reforms were defended with data rather than rhetoric. He explained complex education reforms in a way that even ordinary Nigerians without technical policy backgrounds could understand.
I found myself paying close attention because it is uncommon to see that level of preparedness among public officials. There was no visible dependence on rehearsed buzzwords or generic promises about “ongoing efforts.” Instead, there was a minister who appeared deeply immersed in the details of his ministry’s work. Even the anchor, Seun Okinbaloye, who is known for his sharp and often probing interview style, appeared visibly impressed at certain moments during the discussion. At one point, he admitted, “these statistics are very heartwarming.” That reaction was significant because it reflected what many viewers were likely thinking while watching the interview unfold.
At the centre of the reforms discussed by Alausa is a deliberate effort to expand access to higher education while preserving transparency, merit, and accountability. Nigeria’s tertiary admission system has operated like a crowded bus stop during fuel scarcity: millions waiting, only a few getting in. Every year, about 2.2 million candidates sit for UTME examinations, yet only around 770,000 secure admission. The remaining millions simply roll over into the next year, carrying frustration like extra luggage.
According to Alausa, part of the problem was the persistence of admission requirements that no longer reflected practical academic realities. During the interview, he explained the rationale behind the ministry’s decision to review certain ordinary level requirements that had unnecessarily restricted students from accessing higher education opportunities. “We said if you are going to study law why do you need a credit in mathematics. If you are going to study science why do you need a credit in English. We abolished that,” he stated.
Honestly, when he said it, I almost laughed and nodded at the same time. Because somewhere in Nigeria, there is probably a brilliant future lawyer who can dissect constitutional arguments for breakfast but was repeatedly denied admission because mathematics refused to cooperate with destiny. Likewise, there are naturally gifted science students who understand chemical equations better than essay writing yet were blocked because of English language requirements unrelated to their fields.
That single reform immediately triggered nationwide debate, but it also exposed an important truth about Nigeria’s admission system.
Under the revised arrangement, candidates pursuing law, arts, and social science courses must possess credit in English language, while students applying for science and engineering-related programmes must possess credit in mathematics. The objective is not to dilute standards but to align admission requirements more closely with academic relevance.
The impact of those reforms, according to the minister, has been immediate. Alausa disclosed that admissions increased from about 770,000 students to 1.1 million students after the restrictions were reviewed, representing nearly 400,000 additional admissions within one year. He further projected that ongoing reforms, including the removal of UTME requirements for Colleges of Education and some non-technology agricultural programmes in polytechnics and monotechnics, could raise total admissions across tertiary institutions to almost 1.5 million students this year.
That projection is significant for a country battling youth unemployment, poverty, and social instability. Expanding access to tertiary education is not simply about increasing classroom numbers. It is about creating opportunities, improving skills development, widening economic participation, and reducing the frustration that often accompanies limited educational access. In many ways, these reforms represent an attempt to make higher education in Nigeria fairer, more transparent, merit-driven, and accessible.
Importantly, the ministry is not pursuing access expansion at the expense of accountability. On May 12, during the 2026 JAMB Policy Meeting on Admissions into Tertiary Institutions, Alausa met with key education stakeholders to reinforce integrity and transparency within the admission process.

Oluwafemi Popoola is an educator and journalist. He can be reached via bromeo2013@gmail.com

Several important decisions emerged from the meeting. Admissions conducted outside the JAMB Central Admissions Processing System remain illegal and will not be recognised. Sixteen years remains the minimum admission age into tertiary institutions. Candidates applying for National Certificate in Education programmes with at least four credits will no longer be required to sit for UTME, although they must still register with JAMB for screening and admission processing through CAPS. Universities and colleges of nursing retain a minimum admission score of 150, while polytechnics maintain 100.
The ministry also reaffirmed its commitment to inclusive education for Persons Living With Disabilities through improved accessibility and targeted support systems. In addition, efforts are ongoing to accelerate the integration of digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and computer-based testing into the education sector. Verification and supervision systems are also being strengthened to curb examination malpractice and restore public confidence in assessment processes.

Another major reform initiative discussed by the minister involves the National Education Data Infrastructure, popularly known as NEDI. On May 15, Alausa convened a landmark stakeholder meeting focused on building a smarter and more accountable education system through reliable data infrastructure.
For many years, Nigeria’s education sector operated with fragmented and unreliable data systems that weakened planning, learner tracking, and policy implementation. Through NEDI, the ministry aims to establish a unified national education database capable of improving evidence-based decision making, accountability, transparency, and service delivery.

Already, more than 32 million learners and over 220,000 schools across 21 states have reportedly been captured on the platform. Through the National Learner Identity Number linked to the National Identity Number, the government also hopes to combat examination malpractice, identity fraud, and the proliferation of miracle centres while improving learner tracking from enrolment to employment.

Equally important is the Federal Government’s approval of the National Research and Innovation Development Fund, a landmark initiative designed to reposition Nigeria as a globally competitive knowledge economy. Following a Federal Executive Council meeting, Alausa announced that the government plans to invest up to $500 million annually into research, science, technology, and innovation.

The initiative seeks to address longstanding fragmentation within Nigeria’s research ecosystem by creating stronger coordination among universities, research institutes, industry players, and government institutions. In a world increasingly driven by innovation and knowledge-based economies, sustained investment in research is no longer optional for serious nations seeking global competitiveness.

There is increasing evidence that the Ministry of Education under Dr. Alausa is attempting to shift the conversation from endless declarations to measurable implementation.
That is why the Pareto Rule he referenced during the interview remains particularly important. It was not merely an intellectual flourish inserted into a television conversation. It reflected a broader governing philosophy centred on outcomes, execution, and institutional reform. In a sector long burdened by ambitious promises without corresponding delivery, the emphasis on implementation may ultimately prove to be the most consequential reform of all.
Oluwafemi Popoola is an educator and journalist. He can be reached via bromeo2013@gmail.com.

Zayd Ibn Isah can be reached at Lawcadet1@gmail.com

I would have agreed completely with President Ramaphosa if he had said that not all South Africans are xenophobic because there are still South Africans like Julius Malema who continue to tell their people hard truths, even though many refuse to listen.
Ultimately, xenophobia weakens Africa. It defeats the very essence of the African Union and the dream of continental unity. At a time when other regions of the world are aligning economically and politically, Africa remains trapped in unnecessary internal hostility. A continent divided against itself cannot fully harness its enormous human and economic potential.
The vision of men like Nkrumah, Nyerere, Mandela, Lumumba, Tafawa Balewa, Azikiwe, and even Gaddafi may seem distant today, but their dream remains relevant. They understood that Africa’s strength lies not in division, but in unity.
If Africans continue to see one another as enemies rather than allies, then the dream of a united Africa will remain permanently out of reach. But if Africans choose understanding over hatred, cooperation over suspicion, and unity over division, then perhaps the continent can still rediscover the spirit of Ubuntu that once inspired the world.

Zayd Ibn Isah can be reached at Lawcadet1@gmail.com